Forts and Defence
 Lines in Scandinavia
                         

 
The Author:

 
Denmark during
 the Cold War

 The Stevns Fort

 HAWK, Hoejerup

 HAWK,  Stevns  Fort

 NIKE,  Sigerslev

 The Cold War Museum
 Stevnsfortet

 To Stevns start

 Site0 start















































































  The Threats against Denmark
         during the Cold War
             The background of the Stevns Fort

 


 The strategic position of Denmark
.

 The position of Denmark on the map as “the Cork in the Baltic” was vital to NATO during the cold
 war. The only way out of the Baltic Sea was through Danish waters.

 No Warsaw Pact transports or warships were able to pass Danish waters without being observed or
 even fired
upon.
 As an example, the ships that carried missiles to Cuba in 1962
, were observed from the Langelands
 Fort the first
 time.

 The only route form the Baltic to the Kattegat
 and
North See was the tree narrow straits
 Oeresund,
 Storebaelt and  Lillebaelt.


 Because of the strategic position mentioned above, Denmark was an obvious target for the Warsaw
 Pact.

 According to the Soviet plans, forces from East Germany and Poland should land in The Fakse Bay
 and large
armoured forces should advance through West Germany and among other places, into
 Jutland from the south.
 The attack on Denmark was scheduled from the 5th´to the 9th day of the attack. During this attack
 nuclear
weapons were planned used against the two cities Esbjerg and Roskilde. Esbjerg because
 of the very big harbour. NATO forces were planning to use Esbjerg  landing i Jutland. Roskilde
 was chosen as a demonstration of the ability and the will to use nuclear
weapons.
 

 Map from a Polish exercise in 1954
 The map illustrates an amphibious
 operation against the Danish island
 Sjaelland (upper left corner)
 Bornholm (right) and southern
 Sweden (top).
 The interesting about this exercise
 is Sweden. Sweden was declared
 neutral, and a scenario like this
 would send Sweden to war, either
 to defend their neutrality or on the
 NATO side.  

The Positions


 
A
n eventual third nuclear weapon was also planned to be used eighter against the area around The 
 Langelands
Fort or the Stevns Fort. Possibly both.
 The areas picked out as possible nuclear targets were chosen in order not to disturb the advance of
 the Warsaw
Pact troops.
 The nuclear weapons in question were far too big for the actual targets, and after the nuclear
 accident in the Soviet
reactor in Chernobyl, the Russians decreased the size of planned nuclear
 weapons. 
 
 Denmark had tactical nuclear weapons stored just south of the boarder in West Germany, but it is a
 question if
there would have the time or American permission to bring it up to the artillery in Jutland
 and Sjaelland.

 To secure the Danish straits, two forts were build during the 1950’s.  The Langelands Fort and the
 Stevns Fort.
 Together with The Bangsbro Fort, an old German WW2 fort in Northern Jutland, it was possible to
 control and
defend the  passage of the Danish straits.

 Expected opponents, among a lot other
s, to the Danish Defence:

 
 TU-26 backfire

MIG-27 Flogger D


Hind
           
                  T-72

ZSU-23

Sverdlov-class


 There is no doubt, that a conflict between the Warsaw Pact and NATO on Danish soil, would have
 been very  serious for Denmark. Both the army and the civilians as well.