The Final
attack on the Dybboel stronghold on April 18th
On
18
April 18 at 4:00 am the final bombardment was commenced.
In
a few hours almost 8000 shells fell over the Danish fortifications,
trenches and the area
behind
the redoubts.
The
bombardment continued for 6 hours, during which the fortifications
and redoubs were blown to pieces, a large number of
the few workable
guns were destroyed and the defenders suffered heavy losses.
To
defend the Dybboel stronghold was 5000 Danish soldiers in redoubts,
trenches and area behind the redoubts.
Further,
there were 6000 men in reserve in the nearby city Soenderborg
and on the island Als east of Soenderborg.
11,000
battle-fatigue and exhausted Danes were under siege by 37,000 fresh,
well-equipped Prussians.
The
outcome seemed a foregone conclusion.
At
10 am the artillery fire moved farther toward the beachhead at the Als ,
and the Prussian outposts
opened a heavy rifle fire
towards the redoubts.
On
April 18th 10 am 12,000 Prussian soldiers divided into six columns started an
attack towards the redoubts on the
sparsely Occupied Danish left flank,
to the sound of the Düppeler Schanzen Sturm March (MP3), which was
played by
military bands in the frontal attack trenches.
At
the same time the Prussian artillery shelling resumed.
Up
from redoubts came a swarm of bullets against the invaders.
In a desperate race against the Preussians,
the Danish
reserves behind the redoubts tried to reach the redoubts in
the before the enemy.
The Prussian trenches were only 250-300<
meters from the Danish redoubt,
the distance to the Danish reinforcements about the same.
More places reached defenders
and attackers the redoubts simultaneously.
After
a short battle the Danes were thrown out of the redoubts and then driven
back into hard man
to man fights.
A
courageous counterattack by the Danish 8.
brigade saved the Danish army
from being destroyed and made it possible
to
save most of the army down to a bridge at the edge of the Sundeved
Peninsula
and back to the island Als.
The
counterattack of the 8th Brigade
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Prussina trench
used for the Attack |
Unfortunately
the heavy artillery fire delayed the reinforcements so much, that they
on several
occasions came too late to
resist the attack.
In these cases there was now only the small crew of
the redoubts to try
to keep the positions.
The redoubts at the stronghold
Dybboel
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The redoubts at Dybboel |
The
redoubts I, II and III was defended by the 22nd
regiment.
Redoubt
I had a distance of 550 meters to the Prussian trenches and was quickly
surrounded by
the Prussian soldiers in
the first column and the crew was
forced to surrender.
The redoubt fell at 10.06
am
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Redoubt I 1864 |
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Redoubt
II met the Prussians second column with artillery fire and forced them
out to the sides toward the trenches.
Here
they were met by a fierce fire from the Danes and stopped or even
retreated.
But now the first and third Prussian column
attacked the trenches from
the sides or back.
The first attack from the south of the redoubt was repulsed.
Especially redoubt
II was under very heavy shelling by the Prussian
batteries at Broager.
The redoubt was 400 meters from the Prussian front
trench and fell at
10.10 am.
In
redoubt II, the commanding officer Lieutenant Ancher fought so
valiantly, that the Prussians subsequently erected a
memorial for him.

Lieutenant Ancher The memorial |

Redoubt II 1864 |
Redoubt
III was defended by 19 men, and was attacked by 1000 Prussians.
The
attack Distance was 270 meters. Despite
this, the Danes refused to surrender.
3 attacks were needed before the
Prussians penetrated
into the redoubt, but the fight continued in the interior of the redoubt
and the powder magazine before
the Danish soldiers finally surrendered
at 10.05 am.
At this time half of the defenders were dead or wounded.
The
Prussian losses in redoubt III were as large as 10 officers and 128 men.
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Redoubt III
1864 |
 |

Redoubt I 2010 Redoubt
II 2010 Redoubt III
2010
The
redoubts IV, V and VI was defended by the second
Regiment
The
Prussian fourth column which was supposed to attack redoubt fort IV in a
distance of 400 meters, was met with such a
fierce fire from the redoubt
and the area behind it, that the column was in disarray.
A part of the column attacked the trench
to the left of the redoubt and
broke through the Danish position.
The redoubt was now effectively surrounded and fell after a
fierce
battle at 10.13 am.
Redoubt
V was in a distance of 320 meters from the Prussian front trench.
The Danish defenders managed to shoot two grenades with little bullets
into the forwarding Prussian columns which
suffered heavy losses.
Two Danish counterattack against redoubt V with two or three platoons,
pushed the enemy back for
some time before the Danes even after hard
struggle were forced to
withdraw.
The redoubt fell at 10.05
am
Redoubt V and the back
of
redoubt
VI
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 |
Redoubt
VI fired six grenades with little bullets against the Prussian sixth
column, while they advanced towards the redoubt.
The attack distance was 330 meters.
These grenades did not stop the Prussian advance, and after a short
battle the redoubt fell at 10.05 am
The infantry from
behind did not reach in time to defend it.
The Artillery crew continued firing until the redoubt fell, and
therefore did not have sufficient time to destroy the guns, which
were
now turned against the trenches and the redoubts VII and VIII.

Redoubt VI 1864 |

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Redoubt IV 2010 Redoubt V 2010 Redoubt VI 2010
Redoubt VII
As soon as the shooting was heard, units from the 17th Regiment moved forward to take their posts in the redoubts VII and
VIII.
Despite heavy losses of the Prussian artillery fire on the road,
they arrived
before the enemy and opened fire against
them.
The Prussians were now surrounding redoubt VII and shortly after it
fell. The
1th Company attempted a counterattack,
however, it failed.
Also the 7th
Company attempted another counterattack, but was surrounded and after a
short bayonet fighting they
surrendered.
The
counterattack of the 8th Brigade
The time was now 10.45, and the attack had lasted for 45 minutes. The Redoubts I to VII were surrendered and the Prussian
advance towards
the beachhead,
where the Danish 8th Brigade was in reserve,
continued. The brigade had not discovered
that a
major attack was going
on and precious time was lost. At 10.30 am the 8th brigade
was finally ordered forward to
counterattack and take back the redoubts
and support the
first and the third
Brigade.
At the beginning of the counterattack the brigade made little progress,
and the enemy forces
were for a period forced to
retreat.
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The
counterattack of
the 8th
Brigade |
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The
redoubts
VIII, IX and X were defended by the 17th
regiment
While the 8th
brigade’s counterattack was underway, redoubt VIII was still defended by
the 5th
company.
28 Prussian artillery guns commenced a heavy fire over the redoubt VIII, and
two times Prussian infantry tried to attack the
redoubt, and both
times attacks were repulsed.
The third time they managed and the redoubt fell.
Back by the defense was
only a few men.
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Redoubt VIII
1864 |
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Redoubt
IX was attacked by nine enemy companies. It was defended by the sixth
Company, and the battle ended only when
most of the Company had fallen. Redoubt
X was not left until the order to withdraw came, and all the guns
in the redoubt
were destroyed.
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Redoubt IX 1864 |

Redoubt IX 1864 |

Redoubt X 1864 |

Redoubt VIII 2010
Redoubt IX 2010
Redoubt X 2010
Although the counterattack of the 8th
Brigade did not throw the enemy decisive, it had it not been in vain.
The
counterattack cost heavy casualties, but helped the remaining troops of
the first
and third Brigade to get back to the
bridgehead. The
Prussian forces continued their advance against the Danish positions at
the bridgehead. But
artillery fire
from the opposite side of the strait Alssund and from the
armored vessel Rolf
Krake stopped their advance and the remains
of the
Danish forces withdrew in good order back to the island Als and the
pontoon bridges over Alssund was interrupted.
The battle of Dybboel was lost.
Casualties
on both sides had been heavy, telling of the hard fighting, often
hand-to-head with
bayonets.
On the Danish side
approx.
700 were killed, 554 were wounded and 3,534 were captured, totally 4834
men.
One general, (du Plat), a brigade
commander, 5 regimental
commanders, 8
battalion commanders, and 36 company commanders
were killed, wounded or
captured. More than half of the commanders who
participated in the battle
The
Prussian loss were 1201 killed and wounded.
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